Notes to the annual financial statements

The accounting policy for financial instruments was applied to the following balance sheet line items.

The following methods and assumptions are used to determine the fair value of each class of financial instruments:

Financial instruments available-for-sale and investment in money market funds: Fair value is based on quoted marketprices or, in the case of unlisted instruments, appropriate valuation methodologies.

Cash and cash equivalents, debtors, creditors and short-term loans: Due to the expected short-term maturity of thesefinancial instruments their carrying values approximate their fair value.

Borrowings: The fair value of long-term borrowings is based on discounted cash flows using the effective interest ratemethod. As the interest rates of long-term borrowings are all market related their carrying values approximate their fair value.

Derivative instruments: The fair value of derivative instruments is determined by using mark-to-market valuations.

Risk management is performed by the central treasury department in terms of policy that was approved by the Board of Directors. A treasury committee identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks in terms of the Group’s risk appetite, sets risk limits and monitors compliance to policy and procedures. The committee is assisted by the internal audit department that regularly, and on an ad hoc basis, reviews risk management controls and procedures. It is the responsibility of the Remgro Audit and Risk Committee to supervise these functions and assess the appropriateness of risk management strategies.

Relevant financial risks and risk management programmes are summarised as follows:

Market risk
Price risk
Exposure to share price risk is due to investments in listed and unlisted shares. “Investments available-for-sale” consists mainly of the investment in Impala Platinum Holdings Limited that is included at market value under “Investments – Other” in the balance sheet. The executive committee monitors all investments continuously and makes recommendations to the Board of Directors in this regard. Some operating subsidiaries have commodity options and futures contracts that are influenced by the prices of the underlying commodities.

Foreign exchange risk
The Company and its subsidiary companies operate internationally and are therefore exposed to foreign currency risk due to commercial transactions denominated in foreign currencies. These risks are limited using foreign exchange contracts when deemed necessary.

The Group has no significant exposure to foreign exchange risk.

Net assets of investments in foreign operations are exposed to foreign exchange translation risk. At year-end the carrying value of foreign cash as well as the investment in money market funds amounted to R3 515 million (2008: R2 654 million). Refer to notes 15 and 16 for further details.

Interest rate risk
Due to significant cash investments, movements in market interest rates influence income. The profile of the cash and cash equivalents is explained in note 16. Interest rate risk is managed by the treasury department by using approved counterparties that offer the best rates.

The Company and its subsidiary companies are also exposed to interest rate risk due to long-term debt. The interest rate profile of the liabilities is disclosed in note 19.

The Group’s sensitivity to market risk
The following table illustrates the sensitivity of the Group’s profit and equity to market risk if markets change with the following percentages:

The above was calculated with reference to the carrying value of financial instruments at year-end and a possible change in the market risk factor.

Credit risk
The Group’s exposure to credit risk is the fair value of loans, debtors, short-term loans, derivative instruments and cash and cash equivalents as indicated above.

Loans receivable and debtors
At year-end no significant “Loans receivable” were outstanding. No significant concentration of credit risk existed regarding debtors as customers are spread over a wide geographical area. Policies and procedures are in place ensuring that sales occur only to customers with an acceptable credit history. Other debtors consist mainly of prepayments and dividends receivable.

Terms granted to trade debtors are determined by the respective credit policies of each operating subsidiary, i.e. Rainbow Chicken, Tsb Sugar and Wispeco.

The following table indicates the age analysis of trade debtors in arrears and the corresponding outstanding amount of debtors at year-end:

Cash and cash equivalents are only held by approved institutions with an acceptable credit-worthiness. The treasury committee sets the limit for each financial institution. Refer to the cash and cash equivalents note (note 16) for additional information.

Liquidity risk
The Company and its subsidiary companies have substantial cash balances at their disposal and minimum long-term debt that limit their liquidity risk. Nevertheless it is ensured that adequate credit facilities are available to maintain flexibility in the funding of transactions.

The following schedule indicates the repayment terms of outstanding debt: